353∆24 Teaching Strategies : Most effective
Nine research proved teaching strategies and percentile gains
that have a positive effect on student learning are examined:
1. 45% improvement: identifying similarities and differences;
2. 34% - summarizing and note taking;
3. 29% - reinforcing effort and providing recognition;
4. 28% - homework and practice;
5. 27% - nonlinguistic representations [MIND MAP, Graphic organizers];
6. 27% - cooperative learning;
7. 23% - setting objectives and providing feedback;
8. 23% - generating and testing hypotheses; and
9. 22% - questions, cues, and advance organizers.
10.
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ695741.pdf
Instructional Content(Reciprocal Teaching),
Strategies that are explicitly taught [in 101 studies] include—
[Most effective, in blue ,most used or analyzed in green according to Davis 2010,
1. Using graphic organizers (story maps and concept maps) 17
2. Previewing/skimming 14
3. Analyzing/evaluating/reflecting 8
4. Summarizing 78
5. Generating questions 72
6. Predicting 67
7. Clarifying (words and/or concepts) 52
8. Using prior knowledge 38
9. Identifying main ideas 34
10. Monitoring comprehension 32
11. General fix-up strategies (re-reading and reading ahead) 23
12. Establishing a purpose/goal for reading 22
13. Paraphrasing/retelling 17
14. Inferring unstated information 15
15. Visualizing/mental imagery 14
16. Using text structure/organizational clues 12
17. Monitoring understanding of words/phrases 7
18. Regulating reading speed 5
19. Searching for information 7
20. Setting goal/purpose for reading
21. Using external resources (dictionaries, etc.) 6
22. Using social resources/asking for help 6
23. Identifying genre 2
24. Monitoring text coherence 2
25. Attending to graphic sources/pictures 2
26. Identifying author’s purpose 2
27. Taking notes 1
28. Creating semantic/concept maps 0
29. Creating story maps 0
Drawing 0
[More effective, in yellow, more used or analysed in green (Reciprocal Teaching), according to Davis 2010]
source: https://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06162010-100830/unrestricted/Davis_dissertation.pdf
compreensão de texto - strategies
- selecionar aspecto específico a ser trabalhado por vez
( cuidado com a exaustão); (Colomer, p. 102)
- relacionar texto com conhecimento prévio e experiências de alunos, focando em aspecto específico sendo trabalhado
(cuidado com dispersão); (Colomer, p. 102-3)
- atividade para construir representação mental - organizar informações em níveis diversos: quadros; esquemas; comparações ; (Colomer, p. 104)
fonte: Colomer,
